ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Resistance training has shown the potential to contribute to better glycemic control in people with Type 1 Diabetes (T1D), however, there are contradictory results in this regard and a need to clarify the effects of isolated resistance training on glycemic control in T1D. The aim was to verify the effects of resistance training on the glycemic control of people with T1D. Original articles were selected, randomized and non-randomized clinical trials that aimed to verify chronic responses, through the concentrations of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), to a structured program of resistance exercise in the glycemia of patients with T1D. The following databases were searched; MEDLINE, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, ScienceDirect, LILACS, and SciELO. Five studies were included in the review. A reduction in HbA1c was observed (SMD = -0.568 ± 0.165 [95% CI = -0.891 to -0.246]; p = 0.001; I² = 82%) in patients undergoing resistance training, when compared to the control group (SMD = 1.006 ± 0.181 [95% CI = 0.653 to 1.360]; p <0.001). Two studies, with children and adolescents and longer interventions, demonstrated a significant reduction in HbA1c, increased strength, and an improved lipid profile. Resistance training was efficient for assisting in glycemic control in people with T1D and should be incorporated in treatment plans.
ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Objective: To associate the Maximal Oxygen Uptake (VO2max) with body fat percentage (%BF), and to establish the best VO2max cutoff point for predicting risk %BF in teenagers. Methods: This study was carried out with 979 subjects aged 10 to 18.8 years, 556 (56.8%) girls. The 20 m shuttle run protocol determined the VO2max, which was analyzed in quintiles and in a numeric scale. Cutaneous fold equations determined the %BF, later classified as risk to health/obesity when >25 in girls and >20 in boys. Regression method was used - Odds Ratio (OR) and Receiver Operating Characteristics Curve (ROC curve) with α <5%. Results: From the total number of valid cases, 341 (65.6%) girls and 202 (53.2%) boys presented %BF of risk, and a larger proportion of %BF of risk was observed in the 1st quintile of the VO2max for both genders. There was inverse association between VO2max and %BF of risk from the 4th quintile (OR 1.84, 95%CI 1.05-3.24) until the 1st quintile (OR 4.74, 95%CI 2.44-9.19) for girls, and from the 2nd quintile (OR 2.99, 95%CI 1.48-6.00) until the 1st quintile (OR 5.60, 95%CI 2.64-11.87) for boys. As analytic highlights, VO2max Cutoff points for prediction of %BF of risk were ≤40.9 mL/kg-1/min-1 (AUC: 0.65; p<0.001) for girls and ≤44.8 mL/kg-1/min-1 (AUC: 0.66; p<0.001)for boys.. Conclusions: VO2max was inversely associated to the %BF, and VO2max cutoff points for prediction of %BF of risk are important results to generate action to fight early obesity.
RESUMO Objetivo: Associar o Consumo Máximo de Oxigênio (VO2máx) com o % de Gordura Corporal (%GC) e estabelecer o melhor ponto de corte do VO2máx para a previsão do %GC de risco em adolescentes. Métodos: Estudo realizado com uma amostra de 979 sujeitos entre 10 e 18,8 anos, sendo 556 (56,8%) meninas. O protocolo shuttle run de 20 m determinou o VO2máx, que foi analisado em quintil e escala numérica. Equações de dobras cutâneas determinaram o %GC, posteriormente classificado como risco à saúde/obesidade quando >25, para meninas, e >20, para meninos. Utilizou-se regressão - Odds Ratio (OR) e Curva Característica de Operação do Receptor (curva ROC) com α <5%. Resultados: Do total de casos válidos, 341 (65,6%) meninas e 202 (53,2%) meninos apresentaram %GC de risco, e constatou-se maior proporção do %GC de risco no 1º quintil do VO2máx para ambos os sexos. Houve associação inversa entre VO2máx e %GC de risco do 4º quintil (OR 1,84, IC95% 1,05-3,24) até o 1º quintil (OR 4,74, IC95% 2,44-9,19) para meninas, e do 2º quintil (OR 2,99, IC95% 1,48-6,00) até o 1º quintil (OR 5,60, IC95% 2,64-11,87) para meninos. Pontos de corte do VO2máx para previsão do %GC de risco ≤40,9 mL/kg-1/min-1 (Area Under the Curve (Área Sob a Curva) - AUC: 0,65; p<0,001) para meninas e ≤44,8 mL/kg-1/min-1 (AUC: 0,66; p<0,001) para meninos foram destaques analíticos. Conclusões: VO2máx esteve associado inversamente ao %GC, e os pontos de corte do VO2máx para a previsão do %GC de risco são resultados importantes para ações de combate à obesidade precoce.